Assessment of bird diversity and abundance in Mai-Nigus artificial reservoir and surrounding semi-forest in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

Assefa, Alembrhan; Mesfin, Kalayu; Tesfahunegny, Weldemariam; Fitsum, Birkti; Gaim, Amleset; Meles, Teklay

doi:10.1186/s40850-024-00215-x

Table 4 Bird species and their abundance in Mai-Nigus reservoir during wet and dry seasons

From: Assessment of bird diversity and abundance in Mai-Nigus artificial reservoir and surrounding semi-forest in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

Order	Family	Common name	Scientific name	Season			RA
Order	Family	Common name	Scientific name	Wet	Dry	Total	RA
Anseriformes	Anatidae	Egyptian Goose	Alopochen aegyptiaca	87	365	452	12.7
		African Pygmy-Goose	Nettapus auratus	0	43	43	1.2
		Tufted Duck	Aythya fuligula	56	0	56	1.6
		White-backed Duck	Thalassornis leuconotus	0	39	39	1.1
		Knob-billed Duck	Sarkidiornis melanotos	0	32	32	0.9
		Hottentot Teal	Spatula hottentota	0	12	12	0.33
		Southern Pochard	Netta erythrophthalma	0	53	53	1.5
		Green-winged Teal	Anas crecca	0	11	11	0.31
Charadriiformes	Charadriidae	Three-banded Plover	Charadrius tricollaris	16	0	16	0.45
		Kittlitz’s Plover	Charadrius pecuarius	13	0	13	0.4
		Ringed Plover	Charadrius hiaticula	21	0	21	0.59
		Little Ringed Plover	Charadrius dubius	10	0	10	0.28
		Spur-winged Lapwing	Vanellus spinosus	46	116	162	4.54
	Burhinidae	Spotted Thick-knee	Burhinus capensis	35	0	35	0.98
	Scolopacidae	Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	21	0	21	0.59
		Marsh Sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis	9	0	9	0.25
		Green Sandpiper	Tringa ochropus	0	20	20	0.56
		Common Snipe	Gallinago gallinago	62	0	62	1.74
		African Snipe	Gallinago nigripennis	72	0	72	2.01
		Jack Snipe	Lymnocryptes minimus	60	0	60	1.68
		Great Snipe^d	Gallinago media	29	0	29	0.08
		Eurasian Curlew^d	Numenius arquata	41	0	41	1.15
		Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus	9	1	10	0.28
		Stone Curlew	Burhinus oedicnemus	15	21	36	1.01
		Ruff	Calidris pugnax	56	99	155	4.34
		Temminck’s Stint	Calidris temmincki	0	36	36	1.01
	Rostratulidae	Greater Painted-Snipe	Rostratula benghalensis	0	14	14	0.39
	Recurvirostridae	Black-winged Stilt	Himantopus himantopus	6	0	6	0.17
		Pied Avocet	Recurvirostra avosetta	10	0	10	0.28
Pelecaniformes	Ardeidae	Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis	74	51	125	3.5
		Little Egret	Egretta garzetta	37	23	60	1.68
		Greater White Egret	Egretta alba	8	6	14	0.39
		Gray Heron	Ardea cinerea	17	26	43	1.2
		Goliath Heron	Ardea goliath	68	43	111	3.11
		Purple Heron	Ardea purpurea	3	0	3	0.08
		White-backed Night-Heron	Gorsachius leuconotus	0	56	56	1.57
		Squacco Heron	Ardeola ralloides	0	8	8	0.22
		Dwarf Bittern	Ixobrychus sturmii	0	22	22	0.62
	Scopidae	Hamerkop	Scopus umbretta	2	4	6	0.17
	Threskiorithidae	African Sacred Ibis	Threskiornis aethiopicus	59	0	59	1.65
		Wattled Ibis^a	Bostrychia carunculata	40	0	40	1.11
	Pelecanidae	Pink-backed Pelican	Pelecanus rufescens	54	37	91	2.55
		Great White Pelican	Pelecanus onocrotalus	35	48	83	2.32
Suliformes	Anhingidae	African Darter	Anhinga rufa	4	23	27	0.76
Passeriformes	Sturnidae	Greater Blue-eared Glossy-Starling	Lamprotornis chalybeus	37	18	55	1.54
	Pycnonotidae	Common Bulbul	Pycnonotus barbatus	16	9	25	0.7
	Turdidae	Groundscraper Thrush	Psophocicchla Litsitsirupa	14	0	14	0.39
		Song Thrush	Turdus philomelos	8	0	8	0.22
	Fringillidae	White-rumped Seedeater	Serinus leucopygius	9	0	9	0.25
	Estrildidae	Common Waxbill	Estrilda astrild	11	0	11	0.31
		Red-cheeked Cordon-Bleu	Uraeginthus bengalus	34	0	34	0.95
		Blue-cheeked Cordon-Bleu	Uraeginthus angolensis	23	0	23	0.64
	Muscicapidae	Mocking Cliff-chat	Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris	18	0	18	0.5
		White-winged Cliff-chat^b	Thamnolaea semirufa	0	15	15	0.42
		Spotted flycatcher	Muscicapa striata	16	0	16	0.46
		Abyssinian Slaty Flycatcher	Melaenornis chocolatinus	0	21	21	0.59
		African Dusky Flycatcher	Muscicapa adusta	0	9	90	0.25
		Spotted Morning-Thrush	Cichladusa guttata	25	0	25	0.7
		African Stonechat	Saxicola torquatus	0	3	3	0.08
	Malaconotidae	Black-crowned Tchagra	Tchagra senegala	6	0	6	0.17
	Laniidae	Greater Gray Shrike	Lanius excubitor	7	0	7	0.2
		Common Fiscal	Lanius collaris	32	27	59	1.65
		Gray-backed Fiscal	Lanius excubitoroides	14	0	14	0.39
	Buphagidae	Yellow-billed Oxpecker	Buphagus africanus	8	0	8	0.22
	Alaudidae	Singing Bushlark	Mirafra cantillans	17	0	17	0.48
		Crested Lark	Galerida cristata	10	0	10	0.28
		Flappet Lark	Mirafra rufocinnamomea	12	0	12	0.34
		Thekla Lark	Galerida theklae	6	0	6	0.17
	Motacillidae	Plain-backed Pipit	Anthus leucophrys	7	0	7	0.2
		Mountain Wagtail	Motacilla clara	0	16	16	0.45
	Sylviidae	Abyssinian Catbird^a	Parophasma galinieri	5	0	5	0.14
	Nectariniidae	Malachite Sunbird	Nectarinia famosa	7	0	7	0.2
		Beautiful Sunbird	Nectarinia pulchella	13	0	13	0.36
		Variable Sunbird	Cinnyris venustus	7	0	7	0.2
		Scarlet-chested Sunbird	Chalcomitra senegalensis	0	7	7	0.2
	Ploceidae	Black-headed Weaver	Ploceus cucullatus	19	22	41	1.15
		Spectacled Weaver	Ploceus ocularis	0	27	27	0.76
		Parasitic Weaver	Anomalospiza imberbis	0	19	19	0.53
		Baglafecht Weaver	Ploceus baglafecht	0	16	16	0.45
		Yellow-mantled Widowbird	Euplectes macrocercu	105	0	105	2.94
		Red-collared Widowbird	Euplectes ardens	41	0	41	1.15
		Black Bishop	Euplectes gierowii	37	0	37	1.04
		Black-winged Red Bishop	Euplectes hordeaceus	20	0	20	0.56
	Corvidae	Pied Crow	Carvus albus	10	0	10	0.28
	Cisticolidae	Green-backed Camaroptera	Camaroptera brachyura	9	0	9	0.25
		Red-faced Cisticola	Cisticola erythrops	0	12	12	0.34
		Singing Cisticola	Cisticola cantans	0	9	9	0.25
Gruiformes	Rallidae	Eurasian Coot	Fulica atra	61	0	61	1.71
		Red-knobbed Coot	Fulica cristata	0	15	15	0.42
		Rouget’s Rail^a,d	Rougetius rougetii	5	0	5	0.14
Acipitroformes	Accipitiridae	Black Goshawk	Accipiter melanoleucus	11	0	11	0.31
		Lizard Buzzard	Kaupifalco monogramicus	4	0	4	0.11
		Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	0	9	9	0.25
		Black Kite	Milvus migrans	0	22	22	0.62
		Yellow-billed Kite	Milvus aegyptius	0	6	6	0.17
		Montagu’s Harrier	Circus pygargus	0	10	10	0.28
		Greater Spotted Eagle	Clanga clanga	0	2	2	0.06
Bucerotiformes	Bucerotidae	Hemprich’s Hornbill	Tockus hemprichii	6	0	6	0.17
		African Gray Hornbill	Lophoceros nasutus	0	12	12	0.34
	Phoeniculidae	Black-billed Wood-hoopoe	Phoeniculus somaliensis	0	25	25	0.7
	Bucorvidae	Abyssinian Ground- Hornbill^c	Bucorvus abyssinicus	4	0	4	0.11
Coraciiformes	Alcedinidae	Pied Kingfisher	Ceryle rudis	16	13	29	0.81
	Meropidae	White-throated Bee-eater	Merops albicollis	7	0	7	0.2
		Blue-breasted Bee-eater	Merops variegatus	7	0	7	0.2
	Coraciidae	European Roller	Coracias garrulus	3	0	3	0.08
		Rufous-crowned Roller	Coracia naevius	8	0	8	0.22
Ciconiiformes	Ciconiidae	Yellow-billed Stork	Mycteria ibis	4	0	4	0.11
		Abdim’s Stork	Ciconia abdimii	5	0	5	0.14
		Black Stork	Ciconia nigra	0	7	7	0.2
		White Stork	Ciconia ciconia	6	0	6	0.17
Coliiformes	Coliidae	Speckled Mousebird	Colius stariatus	12	7	19	0.53
Columbiformes	Columbidae	Mourning Collared-Dove	Streptopelia decipiens	16	0	16	0.45
		Ring-necked Dove	Streptopelia capicola	23	26	49	1.37
		Dusky Turtle-Dove	Streptopelia lugens	9	0	9	0.25
		Tambourine Dove	Turtur tympanistria	0	6	6	0.17
		Speckled Pigeon	Columba guinea	12	15	27	0.76
		Bruce’s Green-Pigeon	Treron waalia	6	0	6	0.17
		Namaqua Dove	Oena capensis	0	13	13	0.36
Piciformes	Picidae	Abyssinian Woodpecker^a	Dendropicos abyssinicus	5	0	5	0.14
	Lybiidae	Double-toothed Barbet	Lybius bidentatus	0	2	2	0.06
Galliformes	Phasianidae	Scaly Francolin	Pternistis squamatus	3	0	3	0.08
		Erckel’s Francolin	Pternistis erckelii	0	22	22	0.62
Psittaciformes	Psittaculidae	Black-winged Lovebird^b	Agapornis taranta	10	0	10	0.28

Where, ^aEndemic species, ^bNear-endemic, ^cVulnerable, ^dNear-threatened, RA relative abundance

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