Table 2 Morphological terms relevant to the hymenopteran ovipositor system. The terms (abbreviations used in this article in brackets) are used and defined according to the Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology (HAO) [5,6,7]; the respective Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) and the synonyms found in the cited literature are listed
From: Structure and function of the musculoskeletal ovipositor system of an ichneumonid wasp
anatomical term (abbreviation) | definition/concept | URI | synonyms commonly found in literature |
|---|---|---|---|
1st valvifer (1vf) | The area of the 1st valvifer-1st valvula complex that is proximal to the aulax, bears the 9th tergal condyle of the 1st valvifer and the 2nd valviferal condyle of the 1st valvifer and is connected to the genital membrane by muscle. | 1. Valvifer [9]; fulcral plate [20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]; gonangulum, gonangula [1]; gonocoxite 8 [18]; gonocoxite XIII [13, 14]; kidney plate [60]; triangular plate [8]; vorderer Valvifer [9]; Winkelplatte [17] | |
1st valvifer-1st valvula complex | The anatomical cluster that is composed of the sclerites that articulates with the 9th abdominal tergite and the 2nd valvifer. | ||
1st valvifer-2nd valvifer muscle | The ovipositor muscle that arises from the interarticular ridge of the 1st valvifer and inserts on the 2nd valvifer | ||
1st valvifer-genital membrane muscle (m1) | The ovipositor muscle that arises from the posterior part of the 1st valvifer and inserts anteriorly on the genital membrane anterior to the T9-genital membrane muscle. | anterior tergosternal strictor muscle [14] | |
1st valvula (1vv) | The area of the 1st valvifer-1st valvula complex that is delimited distally by the proximal margin of the aulax. | 1. Valvula [9]; gonapophysis 8 [18]; gonapophysis VIII [13, 14]; lancet [8, 60]; lower valve [1, 2, 11, 42, 44, 46, 71, 72]; Stechborste [9, 17]; stylet [20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27]; ventral stylet [45, 49]; ventral valve [43, 47, 66, 67]; ventral valvula [45, 49] | |
2nd valvifer (2vf) | The area of the 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex that is proximal to the basal articulation and to the processus musculares and articulates with the female T9. | 2.Valvifer [9]; gonocoxite 9 [1, 18]; gonocoxite IX [13, 14]; hinterer Valvifer [9]; inner plate [20]; ~ inner ovipositor plate [21, 22, 24, 26, 27]; oblong plate [8]; oblonge Platte [9, 17]; runner plate [60]: ~ semicuricular sheet [23, 25] | |
2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex | The area that is connected to the 9th tergite and the 1st valvifer via conjunctiva, is articulated to the 1st tergite, and bears the aulax. | ||
2nd valvifer-3rd valvula complex | The area of the 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex that is proximal to the basal articulation. | ||
2nd valvifer-genital membrane muscle | The ovipositor muscle that arises anteriorly from the dorsal flange of the 2nd valvifer and inserts anteriorly on the dorsal part of the genital membrane. | ||
2nd valviferal condyle of the 1st valvifer | The condyle that is located on the 1st valvifer and articulates with the 1st valviferal fossa of the 2nd valvifer. | ||
2nd valvula (2vv) | The area of the 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex that is distal to the basal articulation and to the processus musculares and is limited medially by the median body axis. | 2. Valvula [9]; dorsal valve [43, 47, 66, 67]; dorsal stylet [45, 49]; dorsal valvula [45, 49]; gonapophysis 9 [18]; gonapophysis IX [13, 14]; Schienenrinne [9, 17]; sheath [21, 22, 27]; ~ stylet [= slender distal part of the united 2nd valvulae] [8] stylet sheath [20, 23,24,25,26]; upper vlave [1, 2, 11, 42, 44, 46, 71, 72]; (fused) ventral valves [60] | |
3rd valvula (3vv) | The area of the 2nd valvifer-3rd valvula complex that is posterior to the distal vertical conjunctiva of the 2nd valvifer-3rd valvula complex. | 3. Valvula [9]; articulating palps [25]; dorsal valve [60]; gonostylus [18]; gonostylus IX [13, 14]; ~ inner ovipositor plate [23]; ovipositor sheath [1, 2, 11, 43,44,45, 49]; palp [20]; sheath [67]; sheath lobe [8]; Stachelscheide [9, 17]; terminal palp [24] | |
9th tergal condyle of the 1st valvifer | The condyle that is located on the 1st valvifer and articulates with the 1st valviferal fossa of T9. | ||
annulus | The carina that is transverse and extends across the lateral wall of the terebra. | ||
anterior 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula muscle (m2) | The ovipositor muscle that arises from the anterodorsal part of the 2nd valvifer and inserts subapically on the processus articularis. | anterior gonocoxapophyseal muscle [13, 14]; gonapophysis 9 levator [18]; ramus muscle of the 2nd valvula [8]; shaft elevator muscle [27] | |
anterior angle of the 1st valvifer | The corner on the 1st valvifer that marks the posterior end of the 1st valvula. | ||
anterior area of the 2nd valvifer | The area of the 2nd valvifer which is anterior to the anatomical line that is the shortest distance from the 1st valviferal fossa of the 2nd valvifer and the ventral margin of the 2nd valvifer. | ||
anterior flange of the 1st valvifer | The flange that extends anteriorly on the 1st valvifer and overlaps with the posterior margin of the anterior area of the 2nd valvifer. | ||
anterior flange of abdominal tergum 9 (af9) | The flange that extends along the anterolateral margin of female T9. | Apodem [9] | |
anterior ridge of T9 | The ridge that extends along the anterior margin of female T9 and receives the site of origin of the ventral and the dorsal T9-2nd valvifer muscles. | ||
anterior section of dorsal flange of 2nd valvifer (asdf) | The area of the dorsal flange of the 2nd valvifer that is anterior to the site of origin of the basal line. | ||
apodeme | The process that is internal. | ||
articular surface | The area that is located on the sclerite and that makes movable direct contact with another sclerite. | ||
aulax (au) | The impression that is on the 1st valvifer-1st valvula complex accommodates the rhachis. | ||
basal articulation (ba) | The articulation that is part of the 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex and adjacent to the rhachis. | ||
basal line of the 2nd valvifer | The line on the 2nd valvifer that extends between the pars articularis and the dorsal flange of 2nd valvifer. | ||
bulb (blb) | The anterior area of the dorsal valve [composite structure of the fused 2nd valvulae] that is bulbous. | Backen [17]; bulbous basal part of the united 2nd valvulae [8]; boulbous sockets [25, 26]; pivoting process [20]; sockets [27] | |
carina | The process that is elongate and external. | ||
condyle | The articular surface that is convex and is inserted into the fossa of an adjacent sclerite. | ||
conjunctiva | The area of the cuticle that is weakly sclerotized, with thin exocuticle. | ||
cordate apodeme (ca) | The apodeme on the anterior margin of female T9. The ventral T9-2nd valvifer muscle attaches partly on the apodeme. | Apophyse [9] | |
distal notch of the dorsal valve (no) | The notch that is distal on the dorsal valve [composite structure of the fused 2nd valvulae]. | ||
distal vertical conjunctiva of the 2nd valvifer-3rd valvula complex | The conjunctiva that traverses the 2nd valvifer-3rd valvula complex and is located distal to the median bridge of the 2nd valvifers. | ||
dorsal flange of the 2nd valvifer | The flange that extends on the dorsal margin of the 2nd valvifer. Part of the ventral T9-2nd valvifer muscle attaches to the flange. | dorsale Verdickungsleiste [9] | |
dorsal projection of the 2nd valvifer (dp2) | The projection that is located on the 2nd valvifer and corresponds to the proximal end of the rhachis. | ||
dorsal ramus of the 1st valvula (dr1) | The region that extends along the dorsal margin of the 1st valvula and bears the aulax. | 1st ramus [16]; Ramus der 1. Valvula [9]; ramus of the 1st valvula [8, 51]; Stechborstenbogen [9] | |
dorsal ramus of the 2nd valvula | The area that extends along the dorsal margin of the 2nd valvula, bears the processus articularis anteriorly and the processus musculares on the antero-dorsal region and articulates with the 2nd valvifer via the basal articulation. | 2nd ramus [16]; Ramus der 2. Valvula [9]; Schienenbögen [9, 17] | |
dorsal sclerite of the 1st valvifer | The sclerite of the 1st valvifer that is located dorsally of the transvalviferal conjunctiva. | ||
dorsal T9-2nd valvifer muscle (m4a/b) | The ovipositor muscle that arises along the posterodorsal part of the anterior margin of female T9 and inserts on the anterior section of the dorsal flanges of the 2nd valvifer. | anterior tergogonocoxal muscle [13, 14]; dorsal/ventral [= part a/part b] anterior tergal muscle of the 2nd valvifer [8]; extensor muscles of lancet [60]; upper/lower [= part a/part b] protractor of gonapophysis 8 [18]; upper/lower [= part a/part b] stylet protractor muscle [27] | |
dorsal valve | The area that is articulated with the right and left 2nd valvifers at the basal articulation and bears the rhachises. [Term sometimes used for the composite structure of the fused 2nd valvulae.] | [cf. 2nd valvula] | |
egg canal (ec) | The anatomical space that is between the left and right olistheters. | ||
female T9 (T9) | The tergite that is articulated with the 1st valvifer and is connected to the 2nd valvifer via muscles. | 9. Tergit [9]; 9th tergum [8]; outer ovipositor plate [21,22,23,24,25,26,27]; outer plate [20]; quadrate plate [8]; quadratische Platte [9, 17]; sled plate [60]; T9 [1, 10, 15, 19, 51, 52]; terga 9 [45, 49]; tergite 9 [12, 18]; tergite IX [13, 14]; tergum 9 [10, 15, 51, 52]; tergum IX [16] | |
flange | The projection that is lamella-like and is located on a rim, carina, apodeme or edge. | ||
fossa | The articular surface that is concave and accommodates the condyle of another sclerite. | ||
furcula | The sclerite that is proximal to the 2nd valvifer and receives the site of origin of the posterior 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula muscle. | Gabelbein [9] | |
genital membrane | The conjunctiva that connects the ventral margins of the 2nd valvifers arching above the 2nd valvula. | ||
integument | The anatomical system that forms the covering layer of the animal, ectodermal in origin and composed of epidermal cells producing the cuticle. | ||
interarticular ridge of the 1st valvifer (iar) | The ridge that extends along the posterior margin of the 1st valvifer between the intervalvifer and tergovalvifer articulations. | ||
intervalvifer articulation (iva) | The articulation between the 1st valvifer and 2nd valvifer. | Intervalviferengelenk [9] | |
intravalvifer articulation | The articulation between the dorsal sclerite of the 1st valvifer and the ventral sclerite of the 1st valvifer. | ||
lateral T9-2nd valvifer muscle | The muscle arises from the posteroventral parts of the female T9 and inserts on the median bridge. | ||
median bridge of the 2nd valvifers (mb2) | The area that connects posterodorsally the 2nd valvifers and is the site of attachment for the posterior T9-2nd valvifer muscle. | ||
medial conjunctiva of the 1st valvula | The conjunctiva that extends medially along the 1st valvula. | ||
median conjunctiva of abdominal tergum 9 | The conjunctiva of abdominal tergum 9 that has median and longitudinal. | ||
notal membrane (nm) | The conjunctiva that connects the medial margins of the 2nd valvulae. | ||
olistheter (oth) | The anatomical cluster that is composed of the rhachis of the 2nd valvula and the aulax of the 1st valvula. | ||
ovipositor | The anatomical cluster that is composed of the 1st valvulae, 2nd valvulae, 3rd valvulae, 1st valvifers, 2nd valvifers and female T9. | ovipositor mechanism [27] | |
ovipositor apparatus | The anatomical cluster that is composed of the ovipositor, abdominal terga 8–10, abdominal sternum 7 and muscles connecting them. | ||
ovipositor muscle | The abdominal muscle that inserts on the ovipositor. | ||
pars articularis | The articular surface that is situated anteriorly on the ventral margin of the 2nd valvifer and forms the lateral part of the basal articulation. | ||
posterior 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula muscle (m3) | The ovipositor muscle that arises posteroventrally from the 2nd valvifer and inserts on the processus musculares of the 2nd valvula. | gonapophysis 9 depressor [18]; muscle of the furcula [in the ichneumonid Megarhyssa] [8]; posterior gonocoxapophyseal muscle [13, 14]; retractor of ventral valves [60] | |
posterior area of the 2nd valvifer | The area of the 2nd valvifer that is posterior to the anatomical line that is the shortest distance from the valviferal fossa of the 2nd valvifer to the ventral margin of the 2nd valvifer. | ||
posterior marigin of 1st valvifer | The margin of the 1st valvifer that is posterior and extends between the intervalvifer articulation and the anterior angle of the 1st valvifer. | ||
posterior section of dorsal flange of 2nd valvifer (psdf) | The area of the dorsal flange of the 2nd valvifer that is posterior to the site of origin of the basal line. | ||
posterior T9-2nd valvifer muscle (m6) | The ovipositor muscle that arises medially from the posterodorsal part of female T9 and inserts on the median bridge of the 2nd valvifers. | dorsal/lateral tergogonostylar muscle [13, 14]; posterior dorso–ventral muscle [60] | |
posteroventral corner of the 1st valvifer | The corner of the 1st valvifer that is adjacent to the intervalvifer articulation. | ||
process | The area on the sclerite that is raised. | ||
processus articularis (pra) | The process that extends laterally from the proximal part of the 2nd valvula and forms the median part of the basal articulation, and corresponds to the site of attachment for the anterior 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula muscle. | ||
processus musculares (prm) | The apodeme that extends dorsally from the proximal part of the 2nd valvula to the genital membrane and receives the site of attachment of the posterior 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula muscle. | ||
rhachis (rh) | The ridge that extends along the ventral surface of the 2nd valvula that is partially enclosed by the aulax. | Leisten der Schienenrinne [17]; T-ridge of ventral valve [60] | |
ridge | The apodeme that is elongate. | ||
sawtooth (st) | The process that is located along the ventral margin of the 1st valvula or the dorsal margin of the 2nd valvula. | barb, barbs [43]; teeth [23,24,25,26]; Sägezähnchen [9, 17]; sheath teeth [21]; Zähnchen [9] | |
sclerite | The area of the cuticle that is strongly sclerotized, with thick exocuticle and is surrounded by conjunctivae. | ||
sensillar patch of the 2nd valvifer (sp) | The patch that is composed of placoid sensilla adjacent to the intervalvifer articulation. | Sinneshärchen des Intervalviferengelenkes [9] | |
sternum | The area that is located on the integument and is ventral of the ventral diaphragm. | ||
T9-genital membrane muscle | The ovipositor muscle that arises from the cordate apodeme and inserts dorsally on the proximal part of the genital membrane and on the opposite cordate apodeme. | ||
tendon | The portion of tissue that is fibrous, strong, composed of tendon cells and connects the muscle to the integument. | ||
terebra (trb) | The anatomical cluster that is composed of the 1st and 2nd valulae. | Legebohrer [17]; ovipositor [1, 11, 18, 42,43,44, 49, 66, 67, 71, 72]; (ovipositor) shaft [12, 21,22,23,24,25,26,27, 45, 47, 56]; shaft of ovipositor [8]; sting shaft [48]; stylus (of the ovipositor) [63] | |
tergite | The sclerite that is located on the tergum. | ||
tergo-valvifer articulation (tva) | The articulation that is located between the female T9 and the 1st valvifer and is composed of the 9th tergal condyle of the 1st valvifer and the 1st valviferal fossa of the 9th tergite. | Tergovalvifergelenk [9] | |
tergum | The area that is located on the integument and is dorsal of the ventral diaphragm. | ||
transvalviferal conjunctiva | The conjunctiva that transverses the 1st valvifer and separates the dorsal and ventral sclerites of the 1st valvifer. | ||
valvillus (vlv) | The sclerite that articulates on the 1st valvula and projects into the egg/poison canal. | ||
venom gland reservoir of the 2nd valvifer | The gland reservoir that is between the 2nd valvifers. | ||
ventral ramus of the 1st valvula | The area that extends external to the dorsal ramus of the 1st valvula. | Ventralfortsatz [9] | |
ventral ramus of the 2nd valvula | The area of the 2nd valvifer-2nd valvula-3rd valvula complex that bears the rhachis. | ||
ventral sclerite of the 1st valvifer | The sclerite of the 1st valvifer that is ventral to the transvalviferal conjunctiva. | ||
ventral T9-2nd valvifer muscle (m5) | The ovipositor muscle that arises from the lateral region of female T9 and inserts along the posterior part of the dorsal flange of the 2nd valvifer. | gonapophysis 8 retractor [18]; posterior tergal muscle of the 2nd valvifer [8]; posterior tergogonocoxal muscle [13, 14]; retractor muscle of lancet [65]; stylet retractor muscle [27] |