Fig. 1
From: Turbulence exposure recapitulates desperate behavior in late-stage sand dollar larvae
Early competent sand dollar larvae do not display ‘desperate’ behaviors at settlement, with or without turbulence exposure. We either exposed D. excentricus larvae 10 dpf (reared at ~ 20 °C) to 3 min of 6 W/kg turbulent shear (wavy bars) or did not (open bars). Then, we transferred exposed and control larvae into one of two settlement conditions: 24 h in MFSW alone (left side of graph) or a 1 h exposure to 40 mM excess KCl in MFSW –to assess competence– followed by a 24 h recovery in MFSW (right side of graph). We detected an effect both of turbulence exposure (F1,12 = 5.36, p < 0.02) and settlement medium (F1,12 = 228.93, p < 0.001) on proportion of larvae settled, but no clear interaction (F1,12 = 3.41, p = 0.09). Error bars are ± the standard error of the mean (s.e.m.)